Variación genética e identificación de cultivares cubanos de caña de azúcar mediante RFLP

Abstract

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used to estimate molecular diversity and determine genetic pools in a group of sugarcane cultivars, directed to progenitor election, and to determine RFLP patterns more suitable for a precise identification of Cuban varieties more used in breeding. Forty five genotypes of sugarcane were studied, including 4 somaclones and 23 Cuban varieties. Polymorphism revealed by 35 probe/enzyme combinations (PEC) from 12 genomic maize and sugarcane probes in combination with 4 restriction enzyme was examined. From 239 identified bands, 84.5% were polymorphics with and average of 5.8 band per PEC. All probes showed polymorphism, while EcoR I – UMC114 combination was the most suitable for fingerprinting. One hundred and seven-teen bands partially associated within the same PEC were found, while 115 bands showed partial association among different PECs from the same probe. The average number of bands per genotype was high when one PEC per probe was employed, using the enzyme that showed more polymorphism and less number of correlated bands, however, grouping resulting from both estimates was highly coincident. The 45 genotypes were grouped in 6 molecular diversity groups, with the Cuban varieties represented mainly in 2 groups, as evidence of their high genetic similarity.